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  1. Wikipedia picture of the day: September 11, 2015: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Coral_Outcrop_Flynn_Reef.jpg
  2. Welcome to aquarium, Paneuropean! you have a huge responsibility in your hands! So good you want to learn more things in order to give their animals the best! Stay informed, and hope you enjoy it here! Miss -np
  3. Tão bonito! Muito colorido, realmente adorável! ~ SF
  4. Avançado Aquário de artigos de recursos para dezembro de 2013: Alimentação Coral: Uma Visão Geral http://www.advancedaquarist.com/2013/12/aafeature ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Advanced Aquarist Feature Article for December 2013: Coral Feeding: An Overview http://www.advancedaquarist.com/2013/12/aafeature The picture in the article shows that in the 1000 litre test tank: 98% of the food particles go to the skimmer when there are 2 coral colonies 71% of the food particles go to the skimmer when there are 40 coral colonies 92% of the food particles go to the skimmer when there are 2 coral colonies, when skimming is cut in half 55% of the food particles go to the skimmer when there are 40 coral colonies, when skimming is cut in half "This trade-off between food availability and water quality can be circumvented by using plankton-saving filtration systems, which include [...] algal turf scrubbers" "Corals are able to feed on a wide range of particulate organic matter, which includes live organisms and their residues and excrements (detritus)." "...bacteria [...] can be a major source of nitrogen." "...when dry fish feeds or phytoplankton cultures are added to an aquarium, a part of this quickly ends up in the collection cup of the skimmer. "...mechanical filters (which can include biofilters and sand filters) result in a significant waste of food." "Detritus is a collective term for organic particles that arise from faeces, leftover food and decaying organisms. Detrital matter is common on coral reefs and in the aquarium, and slowly settles on the bottom as sediment. This sediment contains bacteria, protozoa, microscopic invertebrates, microalgae and organic material. These sedimentary sources can all serve as coral nutrients when suspended, especially for species growing in turbid waters. Experiments have revealed that many scleractinian corals can ingest and assimilate detritus which is trapped in coral mucus. Although stony corals may ingest detritus when it is available, several gorgonians have been found to primarily feed on suspended detritus." "Dissolved organic matter (DOM) is an important food source for many corals. [...] scleractinian corals take up dissolved glucose from the water. More ecologically relevant, corals can also absorb amino acids and urea from the seawater" -NP
  5. Flow phosphate rock Many people, when you get your washer racing for the first time, I worry more when algae (not least) begins to grow in its rocks. It seems very strange, especially when nitrate and phosphate were lower than before. What is happening is that phosphate is coming out of the rocks. Remember, phosphate is invisible, so you can only see the effects of it, and always "flows" at higher concentrations to lower concentrations (as heat does). Example: If your room is warm, and you put an object on the cold ground, heat from the air in the room will "flow" to the object to the object and the air are the same temperature. Example 2: If you put a hot object on the ground, the heat will "flow" of the object and go to the air in the room, once again, until the air and the object are the same temperature. Now suppose you open the windows (in winter). The hot air in your room goes out the window, and it will stay cooler in the room. The object in the ground is now hotter than the air, therefore, heat will flow from the object and the air, and then out of the window. Think of phosphate as heat, and its rocks as the object, and its windows as the purifier. As the purifier phosphate pulls out of the water, the level of phosphate in the water droplets. Now, since the level of phosphate in water is lower than the level of the phosphate rock phosphate flows of stones in water, and then from the water in the purifier. This continues until the levels of phosphate in the rocks and water are level again. And remember, you can not see this invisible stream. This flow causes an interesting thing happens. As emerges from phosphate rocks, which then becomes available to feed the algae as soon as it reaches the surface of the phosphate rock where no light. Thus, since the surface of the rocks is rough and has light, it begins to grow more algae there (no less) as the phosphate out of the rocks. That's an amazing thing to see, first, because if you did not know what was happening, you would probably think that the algae scrubber was leaking and attaching to their rocks. Here are the signals coming out of phosphate rocks: 1. Rocks are older, and slowly developed algae problems in the past year. 2. Purifier is new, maybe just a few months old, and recently started to grow well. 3. Nitrate and phosphate measurements in water are low, usually the lowest they have been in a long time. 4. Hair (not brown) green algae on the rocks increased in certain spots, usually on the corners and ridges on top. 5. The glass has no need for cleaning both. Since skimmers, filter socks, etc. do not remove any nitrate and phosphate, and waterchanges and macro fuge not pull in a lot, most people have never seen the effects of large amounts of phosphate rocks coming out soon. But surely it does. How long does it continue? For 2 months to a year depending on the amount of phosphate is on the rocks, how strong your purifier is, and how many other phosphate removal filters you have (GFO, carbon dosage, etc..) But one day you will see white rock fragments that were covered in green hair the day before; this is a clear sign that algae are losing their supply of phosphate rocks and can no longer hold signal. Now it's just a matter of days before the rocks are clear. --------------------------------------------- ENGLISH ---- ----------------------------------------- Flow out of Phosphate Rocks Many people, When They Get Their scrubber running for the first team, get worried When more (not less) algae starts to grow on Their rocks. It seems really strange, Especially When nitrate and phosphate have gone lower than before. What is happening is que phosphate is coming out of the rocks. Remember, phosphate is invisible, so you can only see the effects of it, and it always "flows" from higher to lower Concentrations Concentrations (just like heat does). Example: If your room is warm, and you put a cold object on the floor, heat from the air in the room will "flow" into the object until the object and the air temperature are the same. Example 2: If you put a hot object on the floor, heat will "flow" out of the object and go into the air in the room, again, until the air and the object are the same temperature. Now suppose you open your windows (in the winter). The warm air in your will go out room the windows, and it will get colder in the room. The object on the floor is now warmer than the air, so heat flow out of the object into the air and will, and then out the window. Think of phosphate to the heat, and your rocks to the object, and your windows to the scrubber. As the scrubber phosphate pulls out of the water, the phosphate level in the water drops. Now, since the phosphate level in the water is lower than the phosphate level in the rocks, phosphate flows from the rocks into the water, and then from the water into the scrubber. This continues until the phosphate levels in the rocks and water are level again. And remember, you can not see this invisible flow. This flow causes an interesting thing happens. As the phosphate comes out of the rocks, then it passe available to feed algae as soon as the phosphate Reaches the surface of the rocks where there is light. So, since the surface of the rocks is rough and has light, it starts growing algae there MORE (not less) to the phosphate comes out of the rocks. This is a pretty amazing thing to see for the first team, because if you did not know what was happening you would probably think the que algae in the scrubber was leaking out and attaching to your rocks. Here are the signs of phosphate coming out of the rocks: 1. The rocks are older, and have slowly developed algae problems in the past year. 2. The scrubber is new, maybe only a few months old, and has recently started to grow well. 3. Nitrate and phosphate measurements in the water are low, usually the lowest They have been in a long time. 4. Green hair algae (not brown) on the rocks has Increased in Certain spots, usually on corners and protrusions at the top. 5. The glass has not needed the cleaning much. Since skimmers, filter socks, etc. do not remove any nitrate and phosphate, and waterchanges and macro's in a fuge do not remove much, most people have never seen the effects of large Amounts of phosphate coming out of the rocks quickly. But sure enough, it does. How long does it keep? For 2 months to a year, depending on how much phosphate is in the rocks, how strong is your scrubber, and how many other phosphate-removing filters you have (GFO, carbon dosing, etc.). But one day you will see patches of white rock que were covered in green hair the day before; this is a sure sign que the algae are losing Their phosphate supply from the rocks and can no longer hold on. Now it's just a matter of days before the rocks are clear.
  6. Primeiros 13 dias de crescimento em um purificador de superfície flutuante. Este usou quatro LEDs de 3 watts cada, 660nm (vermelho), mas você também pode usar uma lâmpada CFL ... First 13 days of growth in a floating surface scrubber. This one used four LEDs of 3 watts each, 660nm (red), but you could also use a CFL bulb...
  7. Se alguém está esperando para construir uma cachoeira ou de fluxo ascendente purificador, em breve estaremos postando os planos do novo purificador de superfície flutuante. Ele flutua no topo e não precisa de uma cachoeira, e ele não brilha através do vidro. -------------------------------------------- If anyone has been waiting to build a waterfall or upflow scrubber, we will soon be posting plans of the new floating surface scrubber. It floats at the top and does not need a waterfall, and it does not shine through the glass.
  8. 1982: The original dump-bucket style algae scrubber (works, but very hard to build, install, operate, and harvest) 2008: Waterfall style algae scrubber (works good but hard to build and install; must be removed to harvest) 2011: Upflow style scrubber (work goods, easier to build and install on the glass; must be removed to harvest) 2013: ??? (work great, all 3D growth, easy to build, and instant in-place harvesting without needing to remove anything or turn anything off).
  9. Air Pump Recommendations for UAS® upflow algae scrubbers®. Having bought and tried all of these, here are the best ones: Flow (highest to lowest): Coralife Super Luft... TONS of flow for multiple outlets or multiple scrubbers Tetra Whisper 300... High flow if both outlets are combined into one JW Aquatic Fusion 700... High flow if both outlets are combined into one Tetra Whisper 150... Good flow for one outlet Coralife Luft (regular)... Good flow for one outlet Noise (most to least): Coralife Super Luft... (Loud; vibrates) Coralife Luft (regular)... (Vibrates) JW Aquatic Fusion 700... Slight vibration Tetra Whisper 300... Silent Tetra Whisper 150... Silent Size: (big to small): Tetra Whisper 300... Large JW Aquatic Fusion 700... Medium Coralife Super Luft... Medium Tetra Whisper 150... Medium Coralife Luft (regular)... Small Cost (most to least): Coralife Super Luft Coralife Luft (regular) Tetra Whisper 300 Tetra Whisper 150 JW Aquatic Fusion 700 Overall winner for a single UAS scrubber used at home: JW Aquatic Fusion 700 (also is the only one with adjustable flow) Overall winner for multiple UAS scrubbers if noise if ok: Coralife Super Luft
  10. Some more UAS upflow algae scrubber ™ examples... "Joey2525" on the CMF site... "Alexleblanc" on the scrubber site... "Disney" on the PH841 site... "Cdm2012" on the scrubber site... "Bicyclebill" on the PNWMAS site "Mbonus" on the scrubber site... "UasIslakkie" on the UR site... "Alman" on the AH site... "JosephAcquario" on another site... "Ericsson" on the scrubber site... "FotisGt" on the AZ site... "Colin" on the PNWMAS site... "Accrod" on the PH841 site... "Atari" on the MC site... "Kaykay" on the SG site... "Jameshopper" on the UR site...
  11. Some success stories of people who built upflow algae scrubbers... ReeferMat on the MASC site: "So I decided to build one of these [uAS scrubbers] today. It's huge because all I had was a 12 inch airstone, but I'm hoping that won't matter too much. It cost me less than $20 to build, so if it works that is the best for the buck I have ever seen in the war on algae! It has been up and running for 3 months now and I have to say my tank looks a lot better. Every time I clean it it grows a new type of algae, slime, turf, etc... and it grows fast. I would say I have seen a decline in nuisance algae in my tank, but to be honest that would be an understatement.... It has all but eradicated it. Every time I look at the scrubber I can't but think that all that junk would be growing in my DT" Owenreefin on the PNWMAS site: "The first two months of running this UAS scrubber thing I was convinced I was going to rip it out for the algae growth was dismal, and I figured that my system just couldn't make it work. (I also have algae in my fuge) WELL I WAS WRONG. The thing started to really kick in. So much so that I just conducted my only water change in 2 months and I hardly think it was even necessary. I usually do a change of 30% every 2 weeks. My sand bed has cleared up big time too. With the water change I pulled out a good baseball sized amount of algae off the scrubber, couldn't be happier! I will always be running one of these. I will post pics of its growth next time I change water. Many months from now. " Bobba on the scrubber site: "Well, it's been almost 3 weeks with the HOG.5, and 2 with my lone Turbo snail. I am happy to report that I have no Hair Algae left in the tank. No signs of any regrowth of what the snail has eaten either." Clavius on the scrubber site: "I've been running a 500 liter tank now for 5 years. It is very well stocked with SPS, LPS, softies, filter feeders and a modest amount of fish. The nutrients were being kept very low by a combination of a giant skimmer and the ZEOvit method. Off course, this results in very lightly coloured corals, which was my goal. Generally I'm very pleased with the colouring and growth of my corals, and please with my tank in general. But one battle I've always lost: brown algae covering my sandbed. I could not, for the life of me, find what was causing those algae. Not to mention solve it. I've tried many many things to solve it, but up untill recently, without luck. Almost three weeks ago though, I installed a HOG.5 unit. It was a little experiment that I wanted to do ever since I learned about algae scrubbers. I was never creative enough to build one myself, as the space in my 100 ltr sump is very limited. The HOG.5 was affordable and tiny enough to enable my experiment. I could even fit 6 of those units in there with ease. Off course, with the ZEO-method, my nutrients already were really very low. I couldn't measure any NO3 or PO4 with my Salifert test kits. And I never bothered with more expensive kits; unmeasurable should be good enough. I wanted to see if the vitamins and amino acids that the algae scrubber produces would add anything to my reef. And, more importantly, if the algae would consume "something" that the brown algae on my sandbed require. The result in my sandbed is staggering. After only 3 weeks, not a trace of the pesky brown algae is left! An extra benefit, that I didn't expect, is that my lightly coloured corals now all have noticably much more colour. Without getting darker. They seem to glow! I don't know if it is from the vitamins that are released in the water [from the algae scrubber]. Or maybe the ugly brown algae [on the sand] were also covering my corals and that I now finally seeing my uncovered corals! Strangely enough, the algae in my HOG.5 aren't light green, as you would expect with nutrient-poor tanks. But they're a mix of dark brown with red tints here and there. So, I have no idea why that is or how that works. But at this stage I'm just so happy that I really don't care."
  12. Here are the requirements for building a UAS. Screen material: 1) Use plastic canvas as the algae screen. Remember to roughen it up properly using a wood saw or hole saw. You can get plastic canvas at craft store (under sewing section) or sewing store or online at places like www.everythingplasticcanvas.com or ebay. Screen should look like this: Lighting 2) The lighting needs to be 1 watt per square inch (6.25 square cm) of screen material. A 3 by 4 inch screen is 12 square inches not 24. Make sure you have enough wattage and use a reflector if the light doesnot focus on screen. For fluorescent bulbs, it needs to have a spectrum of 2700k-3000k. For LEDs, it needs to be red 660nm. You can cut the wattage in half if you are using LED lights. In order for algae to grow, make sure that the light is on for 18 hours a day. Here are some bulbs and reflector type: Bubbles: 3) The bubbles need to be rapid and large and distributed through out the screen evenly for algae to grow. The best way to do this is by slicing the air tubing. Make sure the air pump is good so that the bubbles can constantly flow across the screen for 24 hours a day. This is why you need bubbles:
  13. Some more successes from waterfall scrubbers: Damon on the IM site: "I have been completely skimmer less for over a month now, and my ats has brought my nitrates from off the chart above 50ppm and with yesterday's test it has come down to 5 on the high end with color choosing(can't wait for a Hanna to make a nitrate). I am extremely happy with my ats as it is now, but I do believe I'm going to build a second one next to it. I built this size for a small (75-90g heavy bioload), but I'm going to add a second one that will be a more professional build quality now that I have figured out how I want it to run. I still love the fact that I have dropped $25 a month in electricity, haven't done a water change in a month while still dropping nitrates and getting amazing coral growth. The best part is I am making these to utilize my overflow drains, so in essence I adding a more efficient form of filtration without adding any heat or extra electricity. I can't report on long term results as I've only been running an ats since last fall. But from where my tank was to where it is now is enough for me to jump ship, lol." Kerry on the scrubber site: "I was hard for me to believe that this device worked. It took about a year before I built one and now I wish I knew about this years ago. Who would have thought algae would provide so much success? I even have one on my 150G FW Jack Dempsey tank as well. And yes, its so nice not to have a skimmer anymore!!!!" Reefkeeper2 on the RC site: "I run a skimmer, biopellets and an ATS. The skimmer and the pellets worked well keeping nitrates at 0, but there was room for improvement with phosphate control. I tried GFO, and lanthanum. My sps do not like the GFO. I got STN often when I changed it out. The lanthanum worked, but was very labor intensive and so unpractical. The ATS did the trick nicely. I have been a reefer for a very long time. I think I have tried every method of nutrient control thought up by anyone. I really enjoy trying out new ideas and trying to improve on old ones. I have to say that this combination has worked the best of all I have tried over the years." N728NY on the RC site: "Just chiming in to say I really hope this thread keeps going! Lots of good info. I'm still pretty new to keeping a reef tank. I have been running a scrubber with my skimmer for the past three months. Before then I could never get my nitrates below 15, and since I added my scrubber I never been able to detect any nitrates, even after feeding twice as much. I know with my 75 gallon set up, I made my scrubber slightly over sized (sized for 100 gallons) and I dump huge amounts of pellets and frozen shrimp in my tank on top of spot feeding my corals on a regular basis and I still have yet to register any nitrates on my test kit. Being that I'm still new I still haven't built up the courage to unplug the skimmer yet. I may try it once I know for sure my scrubber is fully matured, got plenty of ro water made up and salt ready just in case I need to do an emergency water change lol. I still have a clump of cheato left that I suppose would be good back up if the scrubber couldn't keep up. The cheato doesn't really grow very much right now because of the scrubber. I love these scrubbers, I'm so glad I took the time to read "both sides" of the arguments on them to find out the facts about them." Kentth on the scrubber site: "overall the tank is much healthier, a lot of feather dusters, coming out of the rocks, yellow sponges, other opaque sponges. big thing is no water changes for over 8 months, almost no silt, it has really cut my maintenance" Langtudatinh01 on the RC site: "i completely redo my 40B with the ATS from beginning, i barely see much algae on my display tank but i now have a mature ATS. i relocated all my fish and add another one without any issue. the dead rocks i use bleach quite a lot of phosphate back into the water, but the ATS has handle the issue like a cham. i do not see much algae on my display. everything is green like grass down at the ATS. i am very happy so far.' Bicolour on the MFUK site: "quick update, so my ats has been running since [6 weeks ago] and i gotta say all the algea in my tank and on the sand has gone, wow. gotta say it was well worth doing. i dont monitor growth at the moment but this is something i will be doing in the future, my set up was basic costing very little as i wanted to try this before i really looked into the idea. very impressed and can only say if you got space look into it" Rysher on the RC site: "i have a 6x9 screen, 1 inch is submerged so only 6x8 is really used, i also have a 40b. it has been my only form of filtration ever since i started the tank [months ago], i feed almost 2 cubes a day, only have 2 fishes but u cant see any algae on my DT, almost non existent film algae too, i clean my DT glass maybe once a week." Packman90 on the RC site: "I have a 72 Gallon bow front and until a couple of months ago I was going to throw my tank away and give up on saltwater tanks all together. I was brand new, took a lot of advice, started my system and watched as it became more and more green, until i found out about scrubbers. I lost all of the coral frags I bought, about $400.00 worth, and just felt that I would never get it. I have it now, and just bought my first new frags in over 8 months. Thanks to all of you scrubbers out there who showed me the way. Here is the tank after the scrubber did it's magic. this took a total of 1 month for it to clear up, and I did not remove any of the algae, it just melted a way. Only problem I have is that i have some sea grass that is melting away as well and cheto in my sump is also slowly dieing."
  14. Algumas plantas tanked tem problema de algas também. Se você quiser usar UEA em um aquário plantado, é preciso começar devagar e com cuidado.
  15. Important videos to you understand algae filtering... - Ocean Productivity - Photosynthesis part 1 - Food Chains vs. Food Webs - Nutrients and Primary Production - Chlorophyll - Zooplankton and Primary Production - Bacteria - Food Webs - Microbial Food Web - Trophic Pyramids
  16. Você ainda tem o problema? Dê uma olhada neste link. Poderia ajudá-lo a remover algas.:) http://www.aquariofilia.net/forum/index.php?showtopic=197703&hl=
  17. Dê uma olhada neste link. Poderia ajudar. http://www.aquariofilia.net/forum/index.php?showtopic=197703&hl=
  18. Some UAS builds... "Acorral" on the scrubber site: "Badfish" on the RC site: "Cmaxtian" on the scrubber site: "Deneed4spd" onthe TCMAS site: "Ewerd" on the scrubber site: "Fishuntbike" on the scrubber site: "FloydRturbo" on the scrubber site: "Hugbert" on the scrubber site: "Jaz" on the scrubber site: "Kalgra" on the R2R site: "KelliZackMOMon"on the LR site: "MorganAtlanta"on the scrubber site; "Octavia-vrs"on the UR site: "Othello"on the scrubber site: "OwenReefin"on the PNWMAS site: "Pecker115"on the UR site: "Cermet" on the AC site: "Promazine"on the UR site: "Bobba" on the scrubber site: "Reefnjunkie"on the PNWMAS site: "RkyRickstr"on the scrubber site: "Ruddybop"on the MFK site: "Smann" on the PNWMAS site: "Strayrex" on the UR site: "Swhite" on the scrubber site: "Tonymar"on the scrubber site: